This question is
personal for me. I hear all the news
about global warming and it seems important. Sure I recycle. And I recently helped to vote out a government that
seemed positively anti-environment and vote in a government I hope will do
more. But I still drive my car to
work. I think I should do more but the
sense that the problem is big and I am small tends to stifle action. Do I need a different kind of motivation?
To get people to adopt pro-environmental
behaviour, it seems smart to show them how it is in their own interest. For example, the US Environmental Protection
Agency often mentions the financial savings associated with the actions it
recommends http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/.
But does this work? Laurel Evans and her colleagues (2012) did
two experiments to find out what kinds of messages caused people to increase values-related
behaviours. Some people have values that
make them to want to help others (self-transcendent) and others have values
that are more self-interested (see the February xx post for more information). The researchers gave people who were in the self-transcendent
group environmental information about car-sharing, people who were in the self-interested
group got financial information about car-sharing, and neutral information
about transportation was given to a control group. Then they measured their recycling behaviours.
They found that only the self-transcendent group recycled more than the neutral
or control group. In a second
experiment, participants in the self-transcendent and the self-interested
groups were given both the environmental and the financial reasons to car-share.
Again, that only those in the self-transcendent group recycled more than the
neutral group, although the self-interested group did increase their recycling
a little. Finally they put pooled all the data together and found that the
effects of self-transcending reasons were consistently strong whereas the
effects of the other reasons were minimal.
In other words, only self-transcending reasons for car-sharing spilled
over into recycling actions.
So what is the practical
implication of this research? The
results suggest that focusing on self-transcendent rationales for engaging in
pro-environmental behaviours is the potent strategy. If I am environmentally motivated, giving me
financial reasons will not work. If I
want to help myself act more in line with my environmental values, I need to
expose myself to things that will remind me of what I care about. I need to start a car-pool with a like-minded
person, join organizations or turn out for activities in support of the
environment, read websites or books about environmental issues, or talk to
people who support environmental causes. Exposure to things that are in-line with my values will be what helps me to take more action
No comments:
Post a Comment